The Ancients The Ancients

Shapur I: Rome's Greatest Enemy?

Aug 9, 2026 · 58m

Summary

Host Tristan Hughes and historian Dr. Eve MacDonald examine Shapur I, the Sasanian king who rivaled Rome. They discuss his rise, the defeat of Emperor Gordian III, and the historic capture of Emperor Valerian in 260 AD. The episode highlights Shapur’s military prowess, his trilingual inscriptions, and his role in forging a new Persian superpower during Rome’s Crisis of the Third Century.

Topics discussed

Sponsors: History Hit, Zocdoc, and Acast Introduction to Shapur I and the Sasanian Empire The Rise of Ardashir and the Fall of the Parthians Legitimacy, Zoroastrianism, and Shapur's Mythic Birth Shapur's Education, Multilingual Court, and Eastern Conquests Consolidating Power and Defeating the Romans Sponsor Ads and Context on the Kushan Empire Roman Invasions and the Battle of Misiche with Gordian III The Aftermath of Misiche and Shapur's Military Reforms Sponsor Ads and Shapur's Campaigns under Philip the Arab The Capture of Emperor Valerian at Edessa Palmyra's Rise and the Stabilization of the Frontier Shapur's Legacy, Top Roman Enemies, and Book Promotion Sponsor: WeatherTech
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