PBS Space Time PBS Space Time

Year End Q&A

Sep 15, 2026 · 1h 8m

Summary

Host Matt O'Dowd reviews Space Time's past year and outlines plans for 2023, including a new documentary. He answers community questions on the block universe, black hole physics, and the holographic principle. The episode also features a detailed discussion on free will, arguing that choice is a real phenomenon within the mind's dynamical system, even in a deterministic universe.

Topics discussed

Introduction and AMA format Review of 2022 content and future meta-questions Block universe, the 'needle' analogy, and self-awareness Why black holes are black and event horizons Is the universe an accretion disk or white hole? Holographic principle and dual descriptions Personal update and the 'Inventing Reality' film Retrocausality and the universe creating itself The 'Thin Air' metaphor and Hitchhiker's Guide Boltzmann brains and the low entropy of the Big Bang Benefits of interdisciplinary thinking for physicists Signs of alien life and the future of starfaring Lagrangian vs Hamiltonian mechanics for kids Spacetime coordinates inside a black hole Quick questions: annihilation and subatomic extent Determinism, free will, and compatibilism Closing remarks and Reddit AMA announcement
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