Intelligence Squared Intelligence Squared

Why Your Plans Will Fail After Five Minutes, and How To Fix Them, with Kevin Fong

Sep 19, 2026 · 51m

Summary

Dr. Kevin Fong discusses his book *Minute Six* with host Helen Chersky, exploring how teams in emergency medicine, spaceflight, and disaster response navigate uncertainty after initial plans fail. The conversation highlights the importance of checklists as foundations for improvisation, the value of learning from failure, and the critical role of human adaptability and trust in complex systems. Fong argues that while technology is essential, humans remain the most agile asset for managing unpredictable crises, challenging the notion that automation can fully replace human judgment in high-s…

Topics discussed

Sponsorship and show introduction Guest introduction and book overview Guest's career: Air ambulance, academia, and NASA Origins in astrophysics and attraction to extremes The 'Minute Six' concept and military planning Living in a volatile, uncertain, complex world The evolution and limits of checklists Time pressure, emotion, and the illusion of time Learning from failure and building personal armor Graceful failure and NASA's Mars rover lessons Empowering junior teams and the Apollo flight directors Sponsorship break Complex systems and the whole being greater than parts Building team bonds and human connection Human resilience vs. automation during COVID The value of human resources over technology AI limitations and the need for humans in the loop Thriving at the edge of chaos and iterative learning Closing remarks and credits
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