France : Comment renverser la monarchie absolue (quand on n'a aucun pouvoir)
Summary
Cet épisode d'Arte Radio raconte comment les députés du tiers-état ont renversé la monarchie absolue en 1789 grâce à la stratégie du blocage et la création de l'Assemblée nationale. Le récit met en lumière le rôle clé des Bretons, de Mirabeau et de Sieyès, ainsi que la pression populaire qui a conduit au serment du jeu de paume. L'émission se conclut par une interview de Paloma Moritz, qui explore les limites de la démocratie représentative actuelle et propose des innovations comme le jugement majoritaire et le RIC délibératif pour renforcer la participation citoyenne face aux défis contemp…
Topics discussed
Introduction: May 1789, Versailles, and the financial crisis
The three orders: Nobility, Clergy, and the Third Estate
Humiliation of the Third Estate and the decision to act
Why the nobles forced the King to convene the Estates
Public effervescence, cahiers de doléances, and Sieyès
The deputies' profile and the Breton strategy
The strategy of blocking and creating a power dynamic
Six weeks of debate, press, and the birth of political journalism
The role of women in the political struggle
Tensions between moderates and radicals (the Breton club)
Radicalization after the King's refusal and the ultimatum
Clergy splits and the creation of the National Assembly
Royal hesitation and the closure of the meeting hall
The Oath of the Tennis Court and the Royal Session
Street pressure and the King's capitulation on June 27
Military buildup, Necker's dismissal, and the Bastille
The King's recognition of the Assembly and the aftermath
Interview: Defining a functioning representative democracy
Deliberative RIC and citizen assemblies as democratic tools
Majoritarian judgment: A new voting method explained
Conclusion: The need for more democracy in the face of shocks
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